Client Rights

22 NYCRR 1400.2. 
Statement of Client's Rights and Responsibilities

An attorney shall provide a prospective client with a statement of the client's rights and responsibilities in a form prescribed by the Appellate Divisions at the initial conference and prior to the signing of a written retainer agreement. If the attorney is not being paid a fee by the client for the work to be performed in the particular case, the attorney may delete from the statement those provisions dealing with fees. The attorney shall obtain a signed acknowledgment of receipt from the client. The statement shall contain the following:

UNIFIED COURT SYSTEM OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 

STATEMENT OF CLIENT'S RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

An attorney is providing you with this document to inform you of what you, as a client, are entitled to by law or by custom. To help prevent any misunderstanding between you and the attorney, please read this document carefully. 

If you ever have any questions about these rights or about the way your case is being handled once you retain the attorney, you are responsible for asking your attorney. Your attorney should be readily available to represent your best interests and to keep you informed about your case. 

An attorney may not refuse to represent you on the basis of race, creed, color, sex, sexual orientation, age, national origin, or disability.

You are entitled to an attorney who will be capable of handling your case, showing you courtesy and consideration at all times, representing you zealously, and preserving your confidences and secrets that you reveal in the course of the relationship, to the extent permitted by law. You are responsible for communicating honestly, civilly, and respectfully with your attorney. 

If you are hiring an attorney, you and your attorney are required to sign a written retainer agreement, which must set forth, in plain language, the nature of the relationship and the details of the fee arrangement. Before you sign the retainer agreement, you are responsible to read it and ask the attorney any questions you have before you sign it. At your request, and before you sign the agreement, you are entitled to have your attorney clarify in writing any of its terms or include additional provisions.

You are entitled to fully understand the proposed rates and retainer fee before you sign a 2-retainer agreement, as in any other contract. The retainer fee you pay to the attorney, as is written in the retainer agreement, may not be enough money to pay for all the time that the attorney works on your case. 

You may refuse to enter into any fee arrangement that you find unsatisfactory. 

An attorney may not request a fee that is contingent on the securing of a divorce or on the amount of money or property that may be obtained. 

An attorney may not request a retainer fee that is non-refundable. That is, should you discharge the attorney, or should the attorney withdraw from the case with Court permission before the retainer has been used up, the attorney is entitled to be paid commensurate with the work performed on your case and any expenses. The attorney must return to you any balance of the retainer that has not been used. However, the attorney may enter into a minimum fee arrangement with you that provides for the payment of a specific amount below which the fee will not fall based upon the attorney's handling of the case to its conclusion. 

You are entitled to know the approximate number of attorneys and other legal staff members who will be working on your case at any given time and what you will be charged for each of their services.

You are entitled to know in advance how you will be asked to pay legal fees and expenses and how the retainer, if any, will be spent. 

You may be responsible at the beginning of the case or before or after the trial to contribute to or pay the other party's attorney's fees and other costs if the Court has ordered you to do so. 

The other party may be responsible for contributing to or paying your attorney's fees if the Court orders the other party to do so. However, if the other party fails to pay the court-ordered fee, you are still responsible for the fees owed to your attorney and experts in your case. 

You are required to pay for court filing fees, process servers, as well as fees for expert reports, testimony, depositions, and/or trial testimony, and you may seek reimbursement from the other party. 

If you engage in conduct that is found to be frivolous or meant to intentionally delay the case, you could be fined or sanctioned and/or responsible for additional fees.

At your request, and after your attorney has had a reasonable opportunity to investigate your case, you are entitled to be given an estimate of approximate future costs of your case. That estimate shall be made in good faith but may be subject to change due to facts and circumstances that develop during your case. There are no guarantees that the cost of your case will be as originally estimated. 

You are entitled to receive a written, itemized bill on a regular basis, at least every 60 days. 

You are expected to review the itemized bills sent to you by your attorney and to raise any objections or errors in a timely manner in writing. Time spent discussing or explaining bills will not be charged to you. 

You are responsible for being honest and truthful in all discussions with your attorney and providing all relevant information and documentation to enable her or him to competently prepare your case. Attorneys and clients must make reasonable efforts to maintain open communication during business hours throughout the representation. An attorney may seek to be relieved as your attorney if you are not honest and truthful with her or him. 

You are entitled to be kept informed of the status of your case and to be provided with copies of correspondence and documents prepared on your behalf or received from the court or your adversary. 

Your attorney is required to discuss the following with you: a) the automatic orders that are in effect once either party files a summons with notice; b) the law that provides for the financial support of the children, the Child Support Standards Act, if you and the other party have children under the age of twenty-one; and c) the law that provides for the financial support of the parties, the Maintenance Guidelines Statute. 

You are responsible for being present and on time in court at the time that conferences, oral arguments, hearings, and trials are conducted unless excused by the Judge or the part rules of the assigned Judge. 

You are entitled to make the ultimate decision on the objectives to be pursued in your case and to make the final decision regarding the settlement of your case. Your attorney has the right to send you written communications if your attorney disagrees with how you want your case handled. 

Your attorney's written retainer agreement must specify under what circumstances he or she might seek to withdraw as your attorney for nonpayment of legal fees. If an action or proceeding is pending, the court may give your attorney a "charging lien," which entitles 4 your attorney to payment for services already rendered at the end of the case out of the proceeds of the final order or judgment. In some cases, your attorney may exercise a “retaining lien,” which, subject to Court proceedings, may allow them to keep your file as security.

You are under no legal obligation to sign a confession of judgment or promissory note or to agree to a lien or mortgage on your home to pay for legal fees. Your attorney's written retainer agreement must specify whether and under what circumstances such security may be requested. In no event may such security interest be obtained by your attorney without prior court approval and notice to your adversary. An attorney's security interest in the marital residence cannot be foreclosed against you. 

You are entitled to have your attorney's best efforts exerted on your behalf, but no particular results can be guaranteed. 

If you entrust money with an attorney for an escrow deposit in your case, the attorney must safeguard the escrow in a special bank account. You are entitled to a written escrow agreement, a written receipt, and a complete record concerning the escrow. When the terms of the escrow agreement have been performed, the attorney must promptly make payment of the escrow to all persons who are entitled to it. 

Once your Judgment of Divorce is signed, if you are re-retaining an attorney, you must sign a new retainer agreement. 

If you are expecting your attorney to prepare and file documents related to the transfer of a house, co-op, or lease, that must be specified in the retainer agreement. The signing of an agreement or Court order that transfers title does not transfer a co-op apartment or a house. A separate document must be prepared and filed. 

In the event of a fee dispute, you may have the right to seek arbitration pursuant to Part 137 of the Rules of the Chief Administrative Judge where the dispute involves a sum of more than $1,000.00 or less than $50,000.00 unless you agree otherwise. Your attorney will provide you with the necessary information regarding arbitration in the event of a fee dispute or upon your request.

Client's Rights and Responsibilities